How to Read a Prescription for Your Kids

Prescription Guide for Parents

Read Your Child’s Glasses Prescription With Confidence

A child’s glasses prescription contains the lens powers and measurements needed to make their prescription lenses. Common fields include OD, OS, SPH, CYL, AXIS, and PD.

You do not need to calculate or change these values. The important part is identifying each field and entering every number and sign exactly as written.

Child wearing prescription glasses while reading
01

What Information Is on a Child’s Glasses Prescription?

Most prescriptions separate the right-eye and left-eye values. They may also include measurements for astigmatism, lens positioning, near vision, or prism correction.

Example of a child’s eyeglass prescription showing prescription fields
OD

Right Eye

OD identifies the prescription values for the right eye.

OS

Left Eye

OS identifies the prescription values for the left eye.

SPH

Sphere Power

SPH shows the main prescription power for nearsightedness or farsightedness.

CYL

Cylinder Power

CYL shows the amount of astigmatism correction when prescribed.

AXIS

Astigmatism Direction

AXIS shows the orientation of the cylinder correction.

PD

Pupillary Distance

PD helps position the optical centers of the lenses correctly.

Important: Keep the right-eye and left-eye values in the correct columns. Do not switch OD and OS.
02

What Do SPH, CYL, AXIS, and PD Mean?

These are the most common fields parents need to recognize when ordering prescription glasses online.

SPH

Sphere

SPH shows the main lens power required for clearer vision.

  • A minus sign usually indicates myopia or nearsightedness.
  • A plus sign usually indicates farsightedness.
  • A higher number represents stronger prescription power.
CYL

Cylinder

CYL shows the amount of lens power used to correct astigmatism.

  • CYL may appear with a plus or minus sign.
  • If it is blank, no cylinder correction may have been prescribed.
  • Copy the sign and number exactly as written.
AXIS

Axis

AXIS shows the orientation of the astigmatism correction.

  • It is normally written as a number from 1 to 180.
  • It is generally used only when a CYL value is present.
  • AXIS is a direction, not a prescription strength.
PD

Pupillary Distance

PD measures the distance between the centers of the pupils.

  • Single PD uses one total measurement.
  • Dual PD provides separate right-eye and left-eye measurements.
  • Do not estimate a missing PD from the prescription power.
Learn how to measure PD
Check every sign: A missing plus or minus sign can completely change the meaning of a prescription value.
03

What Do ADD, NV, PRISM, and BASE Mean?

These fields do not appear on every child’s prescription. Enter them only when they are included in the original prescription.

Example showing an ADD value on an eyeglass prescription
Near-Vision Values

ADD and NV

ADD means additional lens power for near vision. It may appear on prescriptions for bifocal, multifocal, progressive, or other lenses that include separate near correction.

NV usually refers to near vision. Its exact use may depend on the prescription format.

Do not add an ADD value unless it appears on the prescription or is required for the selected lens type.
Example showing prism and base values on an eyeglass prescription
Alignment Values

PRISM and BASE

PRISM may be prescribed for certain eye-alignment or binocular-vision needs. The prism number shows the amount of correction.

BASE identifies the direction of the prism and may be written as Base In, Base Out, Base Up, or Base Down.

Contact customer support before ordering when any prism or base information is missing or unclear.
04

How to Read the Prescription Step by Step

Work through the prescription in the same order each time to reduce entry mistakes.

1

Identify OD and OS

Find the right-eye and left-eye columns before entering any numbers.

2

Copy the SPH Values

Include the complete number and its plus or minus sign.

3

Check CYL and AXIS

When CYL is present, enter the corresponding AXIS for the same eye.

4

Look for Special Values

Check whether ADD, NV, PRISM, or BASE appears on the prescription.

5

Confirm the PD Format

Determine whether the prescription uses one total PD or separate right and left values.

6

Compare Before Submitting

Review every field against the original prescription before placing the order.

05

What Should Parents Check Before Ordering?

Complete one final review before submitting your child’s prescription glasses order.

The prescription is current and intended for eyeglasses.

OD and OS values are entered under the correct eyes.

All SPH, CYL, and AXIS signs and numbers match the prescription.

PD is entered using the correct single or dual format.

ADD, PRISM, BASE, and other special instructions are included when prescribed.

The selected frame measurements are suitable for the child.

Potato Glasses Review

What Does Our Team Check?

Potato Glasses reviews submitted prescription information for completeness and clarity before lens processing.

We may contact you when required information is missing, inconsistent, or difficult to read.

This review does not replace an eye examination, diagnose an eye condition, change a prescription, or determine whether a particular lens is medically suitable for your child.
View the Complete Ordering Guide

Use a Current Prescription

Eye-exam timing depends on your child’s age, prescription history, symptoms, and professional recommendation. Follow the examination schedule provided by your child’s eye care professional.